HISTORY OF LEATHER CRAFT, AND BRIEF HISTORY IN VARIOUS COUNTRIES
Who would have thought, that the facts of the leather
industry today are quite astonishing. Every year nearly 23 billion square
meters of leather are sold worldwide. But have you ever thought, what is the
history of the leather industry itself? Let's take a look at the history of
the leather industry in the world.
In ancient times, ancient humans hunted animals for
their consumption. They skinned animals and then used the skins as tents,
clothing and footwear. The earliest history of the use of animal skins dates
back to paleolithic times. This is also evidenced by the many paintings that
exist in the cave and explain the use of animal skins. Not only that,
paleolitic historical sites also show traces of tools that have been used to
remove animal hair and cut skin.
Animal skins can rot if left alone. Therefore, the method
of preservation is absolutely necessary. This method of preserving animal skins
is first carried out using soil, then pulled out and dried in the sun. Another
method that was also found was to let the color change in the forest due to the
vegetation of the plants in the forest.
The process of tanning animal skins is primitively
done by only removing the fat and drying it. This process of course takes a
long time. After the discovery of various types of salt and sulfur, the process
of tanning animal skins is done chemically with the help of salts and other
chemicals. Over time, until the time of the discovery of salt, the first drying
and tanning process was carried out. The first tanned skin using alum and
colored using dyes from plants. For centuries the process of making this
leather is growing. Leather material undergoes a more effective and efficient
production process.
Historically, the use of animal skins as craft
materials has been used for a long time by our ancestors, but no definite
source has been found regarding when leather has been used as handicrafts,
judging from historical facts, in pre-historic times our ancestors used
leather. to cover their body parts, so as to avoid the attack of the weather.
Although it is made in a simple form and has not even
been in the tanning process, so the leather used is raw
leather. In today's era, the use of leather can be said to be
familiar for daily needs such as making shoes, bags, jackets and items for
souvenir decoration and so on.
A BRIEF HISTORY OF THE LEATHER INDUSTRY IN VARIOUS
COUNTRIES
1. HISTORY OF LEATHER CRAFT IN EUROPE
The Greeks carried out the tanning process outside the
city walls, the wet skin was opened and spread on the ground to be trampled by
people, with the aim of making the skin weak. The Greeks, Romans and Egyptians
for tanneries all used lime water to remove fur from the skin. They have used
cleaning knives and blocks as work equipment, as well as the use of tannery sap
in tanning leather, the bark is folded with a sprinkling of tree bark powder
inside, sometimes roots and various fruits are added, then the skin is put on
an "ickle" for several months. .
In countries with cold climates, skin is a very vital
item, especially as clothing material to protect the body from cold weather. In
modern times it is now used for the manufacture of suits and jackets, in
principle an adaptation of ancient clothing. The memories found, the ancient
Greeks had used leather extensively for clothes, shoes, hem, pants and so on.
Likewise, the Anglo Saxons have used metal
decorations. Marcopolo, the famous explorer from Venice in the 13th century,
was the first European to penetrate the Asian continent, reaching China and
Mongolia. In ancient times it was told that the soldiers of Kublai Khan, the
largest Tartar and Chinese kingdoms, wore leather clothes (armor).
When Marcopolo visited India he found the bet covers
made of leather in red and blue colors and embroidered with metal and gold. When
the Arabs and Moors conquered Spain they introduced to Europe the leather craft
in the form of a saddle in the 15th century. Arabian saddles have beautiful
ornaments and during the colonization of South America and Mexico this art was
developed there by the Spaniards.
In the Middle Ages industries began to be organized as
well as the leather industry. In France in 1397 a leather industry was
established and supervised by the church, while in England the leather industry
was developed. Cordova was the center of the leather industry and trade in
Spain and the name Cordovan was given to the leather used by the Moors and
Arabs popular today.
During the Middle Ages the use of leather became
widespread and the Egyptians and Jews used leather to write various books which
were decorated with gold metal, and beautiful colors. The books are written and
illustrated by hand, the manufacture requires a long process so it must be
selected from materials that meet the requirements, and the choice falls on the
skin.
Until the late 18th century no one had made a study of
the tanning process, only a book describing the tanning of leather with the
book removed and tanned with plant materials. Sir Humphrey Davy British
scientists in America found tanning materials found in various kinds of trees
that grow in America. This is very important to supply the needs of tanneries
and industrial development in America.
The famous invention revolution in the 19th century,
was the discovery of tanning with chrome and aluminum. The American chemist
August Schultz discovered a Chromium salt specially produced for the skin. This
new process causes the skin to become tougher with fibers and blue in color.
Young Philadelphia tanner Robert Foerderer studied chrome tanning drugs with
soap and oil, now known as "fatliquoring" to make the skin limp or
supple/elastic and strong.
About 1809 he
invented and patented by Samuel Parker Newburyport, Massachusetts, a
skin-slicing machine. This discovery so that the difficulty of heavy skin can
be overcome, as well as in 1840 Mellen Bray invented the ironing machine. With
the discoveries and investigations the leather industry and tanning methods
spread throughout the world. Tanning industries are now an important part of
our industrial and economic life.
Use and industry leather in the
Middle East is growing, so there is a desire to learn how to process
and utilize leather more broadly. Leather goods have been found in Egypt dating
back more or less 33 centuries, and the Ancient Arabs used leather as a daily
tool. In fact, the recipe for tanning has been used for centuries and from
generation to generation until now. The bark is first fed with flour and salt
for three days, then the stalks of the Gholga tree are ground with stones and
soaked in water.
the skin inside was given the soaking water for a day
and this repeated several times. The Arabs are a nation of strong imaginations,
famous for making beautiful saddles. Likewise the Jews say they were the first
inventors of tanning materials, and the tanning method is as good as modern
tanneries in America. Another ancient method is the Shamoying process, in this
process the pores are opened by repeated washing, then oil enters the skin
pores (fattening) and stretches the frime. Soft (limp) skin is called shamoy
and all
Our service hotline, Call / SMS / Line / WA :
Admin 2 : 081327428808
website : www.bagboneleatherstore.com
instagram : bagboneleatherid
Komentar
Posting Komentar